Water and wastewater treatment systems are systems used to clean and purify water. These systems can be designed to purify different types of water, such as drinking water, industrial water, agricultural water, or wastewater. Water purification systems usually consist of various components, and these components are brought together to improve the quality of water or make it comply with certain standards. Here are the basic components that make up a typical water and wastewater treatment system:
– Screens: Allows the separation of large particles and solids from the water.
– Sand and Oil Trappers: Helps remove smaller particles in water.
– Coagulants and Flocculants: Helps solid particles in solution to come together and settle.
– Disinfectants: Cleans water microbiologically by killing microorganisms.
– Sedimentation Pools: These are the places where the sediment formed because of chemical processes is separated. This step ensures that the particles in the water settle.
– Carbon Filters: Removes organic matter and some chemicals.
– Microfiltration and Ultrafiltration: Removes germs, bacteria, and other microorganisms.
– UV Sterilization: Kills microorganisms using ultraviolet rays.
– Ozonation: Removes germs and organic pollutants by adding ozone gas.
– Chlorination: Chlorine is added to kill microorganisms and pathogens in water.
– High-Pressure Membranes: It is a filtration method that passes water molecules and leaves behind salts, organic pollutants, and other harmful substances.
– Activated Sludge Processes: Provides biological degradation of organic pollutants.
– Sludge Sedimentation: It enables the separation of sludge formed because of biological processes.
– Water Recycling Obtained from the System: It is a system that allows the reuse of purified water.
The combination of these components forms water and wastewater treatment systems and is used to clean water resources, provide drinking water, or treat wastewater without harming the environment. System design may vary depending on the type of water to be used, quality standards and application area.
